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2016年职称英语综合类考试模拟试题1

  一、词汇选项

  1 Mary had sold her bike, taken a driving test and bought a car.

  A examination

  B quiz

  C exercise

  D check

  2 The economic reform in Japan has been accelerated.

  A sped up

  B put off

  C slowed down

  D stopped

  3 It took me a whole hour to solve the problem.

  A work at

  B work on

  C work out

  D work over

  4 It's impolite to cut in when two persons are holding a conversation.

  A leave

  B talk loudly

  C stand up

  D interrupt

  5 What can you do to ensure that you will stay healthy?

  A be assured

  B insist

  C provewww

  D secure

  6 I didn't help him. I would have, however, I didn't have the money.

  A or

  B but

  C otherwise

  D still

  7 Gunpowder was used extensively in firearms prior to 1990.

  A in

  B around

  C from

  D before

  8 The team's spirit was at the lowest point in the season.

  A ability to read

  B lesson

  C morale

  D talent

  9 The town is famous for its magnificent church towers.

  A distinguished

  B contemporary

  C specialized

  D specified

  10 We have to think very carefully before we take any action, because it's a very serious situation

  we have encountered.

  A ideal

  B favourable

  C good

  D severe

  11 It's tough looking for a job these days.

  A different

  B digital

  C difficult

  D direct

  12 I wonder who first conceived the idea of cutting a hole in the door.

  A thought of

  B came on

  C gave up

  D handed out

  13 John talked over the new job with his wife.

  A discussed

  B mentioned

  C accepted

  D rejected

  14 Tom is still full of beans at 70.

  A courageous

  B kind

  C energetic

  D single

  15 During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune.

  A control

  B spend

  C collect

  D exchange

  二、阅读判断。

  Spare a Kidney?

  It is no longer unusual for a spouse or relative to donate a kidney to a loved one, but the number of Americans who have given a kidney to a friend, a co-worker or even a complete stranger has risen sharply from 68 in 1994 to 176 in 1998

  There are many reasons. First, its possible to live a normal life with only one kidney. (The remaining kidney enlarges to make up most of the difference.) In addition a kidney from a live donor lasts longer than a kidney taken from someone who has died suddenly. But the biggest change in the past few years is that transplant surgeons have started using laparoscopic techniques to remove the donor kidney through a much smaller incision, and this can cut recovery time for the donor from six weeks to four weeks.

  Just because you do something, however, it doesn’t mean you should. Donating a kidney means undergoing an operation that carries some risk. You could argue that you may be helping to save a life, but you certainly can’t pretend that you’re better off with one kidney instead of two.

  So, what are the risks? "As with any major operation, there is a chance of dying, of reoperation due to bleeding, of infection, of vein clots in the legs or a hernia at the incision," says Dr. Arthur Matas, director of the renal-transplant program at the university of Minnesota Medical Center in Minneapolis. Even laparoscopy, a relatively new technique for kidney donation, is not risk-free. Doctors estimate that chances of dying from the procedure are about 3 in 10,000

  There’s no money to be made; selling an organ is illegal. But the recipient’s insurance normally covers your operation and immediate aftercare. Your costs can include hotel bills, lost pay during recovery or possible future disability.

  Although transplant centers must evaluate any potential donor’s suitability, it never hurts to have an independent opinion. The most common contraindications are heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure.

  Never let anyone, not even a close relative, pressure you into giving up an organ -- no matter if youre healthy. "There’s often the feeling that youre not a good friend, father, mother if you don’t do this," says Arthus Caplan, director of the University of Pennsylvania’s center for Bioethics. Some transplant centers will invent a "medical problem" on behalf of those who are reluctant to donate but feel they can’t say no.

  16 From 1994 to 1998 the number of Americans who had donated a kidney reached 244

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  17 One of the reasons why the number of kidney donors has risen is that one is better off with one kidney instead of two.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  18 You don’t have to be dead to donate a kidney, but you had better know the risks before you give it up.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  19 None of the Americans who donates a kidney during the period lasting from 1994 to 1998 died from the procedure.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  20 No one sells organs in the U.S. since it is illegal.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  21 People with heart disease, diabetes and high pressure are not suitable for kidney donation.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  22 Some transplant centers invent "medical problems" to cheat potential kidney donors.

  A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

  三、概括大意与完成句子。

  How we form first impression

  We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her – aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits.

  The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in a how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other make you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information – the sights and sounds of your world. Theses incoming “signals” are compared against a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex (大脑皮层)system to determine what these new signals “mean”.

  If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe”. “If you see someone new, it says, “new—potentially threatening”. Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known” memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I don’t like this person.” Or else, “I am intrigued.” Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures – like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person.” But theses preliminary “impressions” can be dead wrong.

  When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young chilD that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people – their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character – we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks.

  However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person’s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking—and the most complex areas of

  23 Paragraph 2 _________

  24 Paragraph 3 _________

  25 Paragraph 4 _________

  26 Paragraph 5 _________

  A ways of departure from immature and simplistic impressions

  B comment on first impression

  C illustration of first impression

  D comparing incoming sensory information against memories

  E threatening aspect of first impressions

  F differences among Jocks(骗子), Geeks(反常人) and Freaks(怪人)

  27 Sensory information is one that is received through ____.

  28 You interpret ___by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.

  29 The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to ____.

  30 We can use our mature style of thinking thanks to ___.

  A a stranger’s less mature type of thinking

  B the most complex areas of our cortex

  C The immature form of thinking of a very young people

  D he meaning of incoming sensory information

  E he sights and sounds of the world

  F an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking

  四、阅读理解

  Obesity(肥胖): the scourge(祸害)of the western world

  Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world,delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday.According to statements before the opening of the conference—of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries—1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight,and 250 million are obese.

  Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:“Obesity is a chronic illness.In Germany,20 percent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one percent"But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.

  Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said:“We are living in the new age(but) with the metabolism of a stone—age man.” “I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible.A pizza shop is springing up on every corner.We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization.”

  Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichler said:"Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose tissue complaints." “Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease.Reducing one’s weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure.

  Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs.“Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach)when the body-mass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier.”

  Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school.“Child obesity (fat deposits)correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.”

  The consequences were only apparent later on.No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy。for their population group.

  31 It is estimated that there are __________ people suffering from obesity in the world.

  A 250,000,000

  B 1,200,000,000

  C 1,450,000,000

  D 950,000,000

  32 It seems that the __________ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage.

  A)European

  B)German

  C)American

  D)Japanese

  33 Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?

  A)High blood pressure.

  B)Fatty tissue complaints.

  C)Diabetes.

  D)Stomach—ache.

  34 What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?

  A)Ten percent less body weight means ten percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure?

  B)Thirteen percent more body weight means ten percent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.

  C)The more body weight one gains,the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.

  D)The less body weight one gains,the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has.

  35 From the last paragraph we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be

  A)not to permit them to watch TV at all.

  B)to tell them to spend less time watching TV

  C)to turn off TV when they are in front of TV sets.

  D)to calculate accurately the time that a child spends watching TV.

  五、补全短文。

  The Arctic Ice is Thawing

  Father Christmas may have to move his “workshop” from the North Pole because global warming is thawing the ice beneath his feet and his reindeers feet as well. His “workshop” is in dire straits. The “platform” for the “workshop” is melting, said Stefan Norris of the World Wildlife Fund environmental groups Arctic Program.

  An eight-nation report by 250 scientists published recently predicted the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free in summer by 2100 because of a build-up of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere, mainly from burning fossil fuels in cars or factories. The North Pole is getting more and more inhabitable to Father Christmas. __46__. Young people learn that Father Christmas “workshop” produces millions of gifts delivered by him on a flying, reindeer-drawn sleigh. Hollywood movies like "The Polar Express" tried to make viewers believe that Father Christmas lives at the North Pole. ___47___.

  The "Fortress of Solitude" is near the North Pole that could be under threat in a warmer world. Alan Boldt, spokesman of the Danish Ministry of Science, suggested ways to rescue Father Christmas. ___48___. Another alternative, he argued, would be building some electrical facilities to ensure the ice stays on the North Pole for him. "This should be a subject for the United Nations," he said. “Danmark could build windmills to provide Father Christmas with power." Denmark says Father Christmas’s real home is Greenland, which will help, Denmark thinks, to strengthen its position in claiming the sovereignty over the Pole. ___49___.

  "Doesnt he already speak Danish?" Boldt said frostily when asked if Father Christmas would be forced to learn Danish if Denmark won international recognition of its claim to the Pole. Last months Arctic report said the region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe, partly because dark ground or water, once uncovered, soaks up more heat than ice or snow. Finland has been most favored by Father Christmas and it has about 500,000 tourists a year to visit its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland6 ___50___.

  A However, Nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are his home.

  B Therefore the North Pole is the most attractive place in the world.

  C If Denmark’s claim were accepted internationally, it would have the legal right to search for oil and gas at the North Pole.

  D One of them would be building a giant floating ice rink for the workshop if the Pole thaws.

  E Maybe Father Christmas has already moved to Rovaniemi.

  F He may have to move from the North Pole within our childrens lifetimes

  Public and Private Schools in the Unite States

  Religious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in the Unite States, and, as a result, are usually somewhat expensive to_1_. The largest group of religious schools in America _2_ by the Roman Catholic Church. While religious schools tend to be_3_ expensive than private schools, there are usually some fees.

  When there is free education available to all children in the Unite States, why do people _4_ money on private schools? Americans offer_5_ great variety of reasons for doing so, including the desire of some parents to _6_ their children to schools _7_ classes tend to be smaller, or where religious instruction is included as part of the educational program, or because, _8_ their opinion, the public schools in their area are not _9_ high enough quality to meet their needs. Private schools in the Unite States _10_ widely in size, quality, and in the kind of program that are offered to meet _11_ of certain students.

  The degree _12_ American parents are active in their children's schools is often _13_ to people of other countries. Most schools have organizations _14_ of both parents and teachers, usually called P.T.A for Parent-Teacher-Association. They meet together to _15_ various matters concerning the school. Parents often give their time to help with classroom or after school activities.

  1.A) go B) attend C) take part in D) enroll

  2. A) were run B) run C) is run D) is running

  3.A) less B) more C) rather D) much

  4. A) spend B) pay C) cost D) take

  5. A) a B) the C) some D) /

  6 A) bring B) bringing C) send D) sending

  7. A) which B) what C) in that D) where

  8. A) to B) in C) on D) for

  9. A) / B) in C) of D) on

  10. A) differ B) varies C) extend D) differs

  11. A) the needs B) the satisfaction C) needs D) need

  12. A) on which B) to which C) which D) what

  13. A) surprise B) surprised C) surprising D) striking

  14. A) consisting B) comprising C) composing D) making up

  15. A) talk to B) comment C) discuss D) exchange

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